Navigating the Complexity of Self-Harm
March is Self-Harm Awareness Month, a time to shed light on non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and its impact, especially on those who are neurodivergent. NSSI occurs when someone intentionally harms their body without wanting to end their life. It's a complex behavior that can affect people from all walks of life.
NSSI is more common than many people realize. Studies suggest that as many as 15% to 20% of adolescents and young adults have engaged in NSSI at least once. It's crucial to understand that NSSI is not just about seeking attention or being dramatic; it's often a way for individuals to cope with overwhelming emotions or experiences.
Certain factors may increase the likelihood of NSSI, including a history of trauma or abuse, mental health conditions like depression or anxiety, and difficulties in regulating emotions. Research suggests that individuals with neurodivergent conditions, like autism or ADHD, may be more likely to engage in NSSI. This could be due to challenges in communication, expressing emotions, or coping with sensory sensitivities.
Recognizing the warning signs of NSSI can help in early intervention. These signs may include unexplained cuts, bruises, or burns, wearing long sleeves or pants even in warm weather to hide injuries, and expressing feelings of worthlessness or hopelessness.
NSSI doesn't just affect the individual engaging in the behavior; it also impacts their loved ones. Family members may feel confused, guilty, or helpless. It is crucial to seek support for themselves and learn how to support their struggling loved ones. Family therapy promotes healing for the whole family and is essential for long-term recovery.
One effective approach for neurotypical and neurodivergent individuals who engage in NSSI is Internal Family Systems Therapy (IFS). In IFS, we see the mind as comprised of various parts, each with its thoughts and feelings. By getting to know and understanding these parts, individuals can learn to manage their emotions in alternative ways, reducing the need for self-harm. In IFS, we approach the self-harming part with compassion and curiosity rather than trying to shame it away. We recognize the self-harming part as a protector and explore what it tries to protect against. In IFS, all parts are seen as valuable, and no "bad" parts exist.
Self-harm is a complex issue, especially when it intersects with neurodiversity. By learning more about it and seeking help, we can support those struggling and work towards healing and recovery.
